![transmission substation components transmission substation components](https://circuitglobe.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/structure-of-power-system-compressor.jpg)
The distribution system contains millions of miles of lower-voltage electrical conductors that receive power from the grid at distribution substations.
Transmission substation components generator#
The transmission system is configured as a network, meaning that power has multiple paths to follow from the generator to the distribution substation. The high-voltage transmission system (or grid) transmits electric power from generation plants through 163,000 miles of high-voltage (230 kilovolts up to 765 kV) electrical conductors and more than 15,000 transmission substations. T&D involves two distinct but connected systems (as shown in Figure 9.1): The Current Transmission and Distribution System
![transmission substation components transmission substation components](https://electrical-engineering-portal.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/substation-layout-gis.jpg)
The focus is on the technologies involved-their potential performance, costs, and impacts-and potential barriers to such a deployment in the United States over the next several decades. This chapter reviews the status of current T&D systems and discusses the potential for modernizing them (thus creating the “modern grid”).
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This massive system delivers power from the nearly 3000 power plants in the United States to virtually every building and facility in the nation. T&D system has been called the world’s largest machine and part of the greatest engineering achievement of the 20th century (NAE, 2003). Modernization of electric T&D systems could alleviate all of these concerns. In addition, distribution systems often are incompatible with demand-side options that might otherwise be economical. Moreover, effective and significant utilization of intermittent renewable generation located away from major load centers cannot be accomplished without significant additions to the transmission system. Recent concerns about T&D systems have stemmed from inadequate investment to meet growing demand, the limited ability of those systems to accommodate renewable-energy sources that generate electricity intermittently, and vulnerability to major blackouts involving cascading failures. Modern society depends on reliable and economic delivery of electricity. Growing loads and aging equipment are stressing the system and increasing the risk of widespread blackouts. Electricity Transmission and DistributionĮlectric power transmission and distribution (T&D) in the United States, the vital link between generating stations and customers, is in urgent need of expansion and upgrading.